Renal & Urology — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: What is the investigation for suspected epididymo-orchitis in older adults with a low-risk sexual history? _____

Answer: MSSU

Flashcard 22: The biggest risk factor for testicular cancer is _____

Answer: Cryptorchidism

Extra: Cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is the most significant risk factor (4-10x increased risk). Although orchiopexy (surgical correction) is ideally performed before age 1 to reduce cancer risk and preserve fertility, the risk of malignancy remains higher than in the general population. Other risk factors include Klinefelter syndrome and family history.

Flashcard 23: Seminomas have a _____ prognosis than Teratomas

Answer: better

Flashcard 24: For patients with BPH, if the prostate is significantly enarged then a _____ is considered

Answer: combination of Alpha-1 Antagonists and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

Flashcard 25: Finasteride treatment of BPH may take _____ before results are seen

Answer: 6 months

Flashcard 26: _____ is preferred to morphine in palliative patients with mild-moderate renal impairment

Answer: Oxycodone

Flashcard 27: If renal impairment is more severe _____, buprenorphine and fentanyl are preferred pain management

Answer: alfentanil

Flashcard 28: ARBs shold be used with caution in patients with _____

Answer: renovascular disease

Flashcard 29: What needs to monitored when prescribing ACE Inhibitors when starting them or increasing dose _____

Answer: U&Es

Flashcard 30: ACE Inhibitors are contraindicated in Bilateral Renal Artery Stenosis because _____

Answer: renal perfusion is dependant on efferent arteriole constriction