Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 421: Pulse pressure is _____ in aortic regurgitation

Answer: wide

Flashcard 422: The most common cause of aortic reguritation: Developing world = _____ Developed world = bicuspid valve

Answer: rheumatic fever

Flashcard 423: Apex displacement may occur in aortic stenosis if there is _____

Answer: left ventricular hypertrophy

Flashcard 424: What type of pulse is palpated in aortic regurgitation? _____

Answer: Collapsing pulse

Flashcard 425: What are the initial investigations for suspected aortic stenosis? _____

Answer: ECG & CXR

Flashcard 426: What murmur is heard upon auscultation in Aortic regurgitation? _____

Answer: Early diastolic murmur (left sternal edge)

Flashcard 427: A _____ non-displaced apex may be felt upon chest palpation in a patient with aortic stenosis.

Answer: heaving

Extra: Aortic stenosis causes concentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). This results in a heaving (pressure-overload) apex beat that remains in the normal position (non-displaced). Displacement occurs later if the heart fails and dilates.

Flashcard 428: What triad of symptoms is associated with aortic stenosis? _____

Answer: Heart failure, syncope, angina

Flashcard 429: What investigations should be ordered for aortic regurgitation? 1st Line: _____ Before surgery: invasive cardiac catheterisation

Answer: Echocardiography

Flashcard 430: Mid-diastolic (Austin-Flint) murmur is auscultated in _____

Answer: SEVERE Aortic regurgitation