Acute Paediatrics — Flashcards

Flashcard 151: What is the most common cause of meningitis from neonates to 3 months? _____

Answer: Group B Streptococcus

Flashcard 152: Kawasaki disease presents with a _____-grade fever (39°C) that persists for ≥ 5 days and does NOT improve with antipyretics

Answer: high

Flashcard 153: School exclusion for whooping cough (Pertussis) is for _____ after commencing antibiotics OR 21 days from onset of symptoms if not treated.

Answer: 48 hours

Extra: Whooping cough (Pertussis) is highly contagious. The exclusion period is aimed at preventing spread during the communicable stage. Prophylaxis may be required for high-risk household contacts.

Flashcard 154: If the Apgar score is <7 at 5 minutes, assessment should be repeated every 5 minutes up to _____ minutes.

Answer: 20

Extra: Criteria for Apgar scoring: Appearance (Color), Pulse (Heart rate), Grimace (Reflex irritability), Activity (Muscle tone), and Respiration. Scores are typically taken at 1 and 5 minutes. If the 5-minute score is <7, continue scoring every 5 minutes up to 20 minutes.

Flashcard 155: School exclusion for chickenpox? _____

Answer: Until all lesions have crusted over

Flashcard 156: School exclusion for influenza? _____

Answer: Until recovered

Flashcard 157: What is the 2nd most common cause of meningitis from neonates to 3 months? _____

Answer: E coli + other gram -ve

Flashcard 158: School exclusion for infectious mononucleosis? _____

Answer: None

Flashcard 159: _____ disease is a necrotising vasculitis, which primarily affects children under the age of 5

Answer: Kawasaki

Flashcard 160: School exclusion for slapped cheek (fifth disease)? _____

Answer: None

Extra: Once the rash appears, the child is no longer infectious. Parvovirus B19 is most contagious during the prodromal phase (fever, malaise) before the characteristic 'slapped cheek' rash develops.