Infectious Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: 764efae429d34dfaaf5c4ff129c5640b-ao-1

Answer: samples for CBNAAT

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Flashcard 2: 9b73b326df1f48018198c53149c5274e-ao-2

Answer: sputum grading for TB under microscope

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Flashcard 3: 2beac1d544f14e59a1ee5f0f3ac533f4-ao-3

Answer: paucibacillary vs multibacillary leprosy

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Flashcard 4: _____ is the most sensitive test for testing of HIV

Answer: ELISA

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Flashcard 5: bacterial load is high in _____ leprosy

Answer: lepromatous

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Flashcard 6: 2beac1d544f14e59a1ee5f0f3ac533f4-ao-1

Answer: paucibacillary vs multibacillary leprosy

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Flashcard 7: 764efae429d34dfaaf5c4ff129c5640b-ao-6

Answer: samples for CBNAAT

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Flashcard 8: VAPP-vaccine associated paralytic polio occur due to _____

Answer: abberant immune reaction to mutated virus

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Flashcard 9: A positive _____ skin test demonstrates a good cell-mediated response in Tuberculoid leprosy

Answer: Lepromin

Flashcard 10: Dissemination of _____ from the lungs is most likely to occur in the skin and bones

Answer: Blastomycosis

Flashcard 11: _____ bodies are seen in Sporotrichosis.

Answer: Asteroid

Flashcard 12: Dissemination of _____ in immunocompromised patients to the liver and spleen results in hepatosplenomegaly, with gross pathology of these organs showing calcifications

Answer: Histoplasmosis

Flashcard 13: _____ will characteristically present on histology as macrophages with oval bodies

Answer: Histoplasma

Flashcard 14: _____ leprosy is able to be contained within macrophages

Answer: Tuberculoid

Flashcard 15: Aspergillomas are associated with _____ or Klebsiella, as both pathologies have pre-existing cavities within the lungs

Answer: Tuberculosis

Flashcard 16: _____ of tertiary syphilis are characterized as soft growths with firm necrotic centers

Answer: Gummas

Flashcard 17: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is 1-10 bacilli, on average, in 100 oil-immersion field

Answer: 1+

Flashcard 18: The _____ stain is used to visualize Bartonella henselae

Answer: Warthin-Starry

Flashcard 19: Lipooligosaccharide of Neisseria _____ stimulates in-creased vascular permeability, resulting in thrombocytopenia (platelet levels) and resultant petechial rash

Answer: meningitidis

Flashcard 20: Yersinia pestis (plague) often escapes the lymph nodes to produce _____ and widespread necrosis of the organs.

Answer: septicemia

Flashcard 21: _____ is a complication of Actinomyces abscess formation and presents with a characterstic 'lumpy jaw''

Answer: Cervicofacial mycetoma

Flashcard 22: Histopathologic findings of _____ include small spores with a diagonal or equatorial belt-like structure

Answer: Microsporidium

Flashcard 23: The sticky RBCs of Plasmodium falciparum occlude vessels of the _____, lungs, and kidneys

Answer: brain

Flashcard 24: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is 1-10 bacilli, on average, in 10 oil-immersion field

Answer: 2+

Flashcard 25: _____ disease is characterized by systemic tissue damage with macrophages loaded with Tropheryma whipplei organisms

Answer: Whipple

Flashcard 26: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is 1-10 bacilli, on average, in each oil-immersion field

Answer: 3+

Flashcard 27: _____ is a Rickettsial disease that presents with monocytes with morulae in their cytoplasm.

Answer: Ehrlichiosis

Flashcard 28: _____ results from an immune reaction to the endotoxin of Neisseria meningitidis

Answer: Meningococcemia

Flashcard 29: _____ have characteristic perinuclear halos that are hallmarks of HPV infections.

Answer: Koilocytes

Flashcard 30: Shigella causes an _____ diarrhea, with the presence of blood and leukocytes

Answer: inflammatory

Flashcard 31: Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells result from measles virus _____ proteins acting on lymphocytes (cell type)

Answer: surface F (fusion)

Flashcard 32: A biopsy of a patient with _____ will reveal granulomas consisting of histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells and cigar-shaped budding yeast

Answer: sporotrichosis (sporothrix schenckii)

Flashcard 33: The granulomas of a Ghon focus are _____ granulomas,meaning they have a central area of necrotic macrophages

Answer: caseating

Flashcard 34: The Ghon complex of Primary tuberculosis includes _____ lymphadenopathy with Ghon foci in the middle and lower lobes of the lungs

Answer: hilar

Flashcard 35: Which cause(s) of painless genital ulceration present with intracytoplasmic inclusions?_____

Answer: Klebsiella granulomatis

Flashcard 36: In malaria, RBCs rupture as part of the Plasmodium life cycle, resulting in _____ hemolysis and cyclical fever

Answer: intravascular

Flashcard 37: _____ method for detecting treponema is used on tissue sections

Answer: Levaditi's

Flashcard 38: _____ presents with granulomatous lesions with dark sclerotic bodies within leukocytes, called medlar/copper penny bodies

Answer: Chromoblastomycosis

Flashcard 39: Diagnosis of HIV *previously* was made initially with _____; positive results are confirmed with a Western blot.

Answer: ELISA

Flashcard 40: Rotavirus causes _____ destruction and atrophy, resulting in decreased serum Na+ and K+

Answer: villous

Flashcard 41: Sporothrix schenckii lesions are granulomas made of _____ and giant cells

Answer: histiocytes

Flashcard 42: _____ is a Rickettsial disease that presents with neutrophils (granulocytes) with morulae in their cytoplasm.

Answer: Anaplasmosis

Flashcard 43: A _____ complex is a Ghon complex that has undergone progressive fibrosis and subsequent calcification

Answer: Ranke

Flashcard 44: _____ seen in skin biopsy under microscope is diagnostic of Onchocerca volvulus

Answer: Microfilariae

Flashcard 45: _____ is a helminth associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder

Answer: Schistosoma haematobium

Flashcard 46: _____ are eosino-philic nuclear inclusions found in cells infected with organisms within the herpesvirus family

Answer: Cowdry type A bodies

Flashcard 47: Paths of Progression after Primary Mycobacteria tuberculosis infection: _____ infection aka miliary tuberculosis

Answer: disseminated/systemic

Flashcard 48: Early hematogenous seedling in the apex of lungs is known as _____ focus.

Answer: Simon's

Flashcard 49: _____ is the bony prominence of the forehead seen in congenital syphilis

Answer: Olympian brow

Flashcard 50: Infraclavicular lesion of tuberculosis is known as _____ focus.

Answer: Assmann's

Flashcard 51: Thimble bladder is seen in which condition?_____

Answer: GU Tuberculosis

Flashcard 52: Slit skin smear would be _____ in a case of paucibacillary leprosy

Answer: negative

Flashcard 53: Biopsy of rhinosporidiosis represents _____

Answer: sporangia

Flashcard 54: Which categories of Ridley Jopling classification are considered Multibacillary according to WHO classification?_____

Answer: BB, BL and LL

Flashcard 55: Cell mediated immunity is usually _____ developed in indeterminate leprosy

Answer: poorly

Flashcard 56: Antibody detection in filariasis has a _____ sensitivity and specificity

Answer: low

Flashcard 57: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is >1000 bacilli, on average, in each oil-immersion field

Answer: 6+

Flashcard 58: Invasion of microbes is seen in the stage of _____ of ASOM

Answer: pre suppuration

Flashcard 59: Donovan bodies in K. granulomatis are seen within cystic spaces in large mononuclear cells called _____

Answer: Pund cells

Flashcard 60: Malakoplakia is seen in chronic bacterial infection, mostly by _____

Answer: Escherichia coli

Flashcard 61: Which EBV pathology other than Hodgkin's lymphoma may show Reed-Sternberg cells?_____

Answer: Infectious mononucleosis

Flashcard 62: Thickening of the inner third of clavicle in late congenital syphilis is known as _____ sign

Answer: Higoumenaki's

Flashcard 63: Hematogenous spread of TB to the apex of the upper lobe, resulting in a post-primary infective lesion, which heals with scarring, is known as _____ focus

Answer: Simon's

Flashcard 64: Lucio Leprosy/ Lepra Bonita is a pure diffuse form of _____ leprosy

Answer: lepromatous

Flashcard 65: _____ are seen under microscopy in case of amoebic dysentery.

Answer: Charcot-Leyden crystals

Flashcard 66: Caseating metastatic tuberculous focus in the wall of a pulmonary vein is also known as _____ focus

Answer: Weigert

Flashcard 67: Are treponemes seen in the gummas of pseudochancre redux?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 68: Contracted, fibrotic, thick-walled bladder with calcifications, is commonly seen in _____

Answer: Schistosomiasis

Flashcard 69: Cowdry type A bodies are also known as _____ bodies

Answer: Lipschultz

Flashcard 70: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is 100-1000 bacilli, on average, in each oil-immersion field

Answer: 5+

Flashcard 71: The polypoidal mass of rhinosporidiosis is studded with white dots representing _____

Answer: sporangia

Flashcard 72: Type 2 lepra rx is a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction

Answer: III

Flashcard 73: Which spinal curve is lost in spinal tuberculosis?_____

Answer: Lumbar lordosis

Flashcard 74: Levels of glycosylated ferritin are _____ in severe COVID-19 illness

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 75: _____ TB is a variant of miliary TB characterised by absence of granulomas

Answer: Anergic

Flashcard 76: In certain infections like _____ bacteria the cellular infiltrate is dominated by continuously recruited neutrophils for several days

Answer: Pseudomonas

Flashcard 77: Adenosine deaminase levels tubercular effusion.

Answer: Adenosine deaminase levels tubercular effusion.

Flashcard 78: PAS-positive macrophages containing bacilli is diagnostic of _____ disease,

Answer: Whipple's