Diagnostic Microbiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Vibrio _____ produce green colored colonies on TCBS agar

Answer: parahemolyticus

Flashcard 2: The image shows the string test/entero test, which is used for the diagnosis of _____

Answer: giardiasis

Flashcard 3: The image given shows a slide with a positive _____ test.

Answer: catalase

Flashcard 4: Lowenstein–Jensen is a commonly used, egg-based, selective media which contains _____, which prevents growth of other organisms.

Answer: malachite green

Flashcard 5: LJ media gives culture result in _____ time

Answer: 6-8 weeks

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Flashcard 6: _____ is the IOC for japanese encephalitis

Answer: IgM ELISA

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Flashcard 7: name liquid culture medias for TB

Answer: kirchner media middle brook media

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Flashcard 8: name molecular testing methods for TB

Answer: Bactec-460(radiometric) MGIT-960

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Flashcard 9: 764efae429d34dfaaf5c4ff129c5640b-ao-2

Answer: samples for CBNAAT

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Flashcard 10: _____ is the gold standard for diagnosing  extrapulmonary TB and sputum negative TB

Answer: Liquid cell culture

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Flashcard 11: 764efae429d34dfaaf5c4ff129c5640b-ao-7

Answer: samples for CBNAAT

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Flashcard 12: limitation of serological test in lymphatic filariasis is _____

Answer: that they can't differentiate between past and current infections

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Flashcard 13: IOC for diagnosis of dengue if fever >5 days is _____

Answer: IgM ELISA

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Flashcard 14: 9b73b326df1f48018198c53149c5274e-ao-5

Answer: sputum grading for TB under microscope

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Flashcard 15: _____ ml of sputum is taken for diagnosis of TB

Answer: 5

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Flashcard 16: diagnosis of Hep E is by _____

Answer: anti HEV antibody test

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Flashcard 17: _____ stain is mc used for blood smear examination of malaria

Answer: JSB

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Flashcard 18: post typhoid infection _____ antigens increase

Answer: O

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Flashcard 19: CBNAAT tests _____ drug sensitivity

Answer: rifampicin

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Flashcard 20: Mc Cartney chart method is based on _____ method to check E.coli

Answer: most probable number

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Flashcard 21: diagnosis of ricketsial diseases is by _____

Answer: weil felix reaction

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Flashcard 22: _____ test is done to rule out klebsella in coliform test for E.coli

Answer: Ejikman's

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Flashcard 23: A direct ELISA tests for an _____, whereas the indirect ELISA tests for an antibody against an antigen

Answer: antigen

Flashcard 24: _____ test is used to detect the polysaccharide capsular antigen present in Cryptococci

Answer: Latex agglutination

Flashcard 25: Bronchoalveolar lavage of _____ infection will reveal 'disk-shaped yeast' or cysts containing dark oval bodies

Answer: Pneumocystis jiroveci

Flashcard 26: _____ reaction is done for detection of lecithinase toxin produced by C. perfringes.

Answer: Naglers

Flashcard 27: _____ and Urine rapid antigen tests can also be used to detect Histoplasma

Answer: Serum

Flashcard 28: _____ requires light microscope for interpretation whereas RPR can be read macroscopically (VDRL/RPR)

Answer: VDRL

Flashcard 29: _____ Media is a selective media that only grows Neisseria

Answer: Thayer-Martin

Flashcard 30: Gram Negative Algorithm:Diplococci _____ maltose metabolism - Neisseria meningitidis

Answer: with

Flashcard 31: _____ gram stains poorly, thus a silver stain is used to visualize the bacterium

Answer: Legionella pneumophila

Flashcard 32: More than 90% of E. coli isolates are positive for the enzyme _____ which is tested using the MUG test

Answer: -glucuronidase

Flashcard 33: According to Ridley's logarithmic scale for bacterial index, _____ rating is 10-100 bacilli, on average, in each oil-immersion field

Answer: 4+

Flashcard 34: The _____ is an agglutination test used to diagnose Rickettsia spp.

Answer: Weil-Felix test

Flashcard 35: Gram Negative Algorithm:_____ are further split via whether or not there is maltose utilization

Answer: Diplococci

Flashcard 36: _____ is used to isolate Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer: Lowenstein-Jensen agar

Flashcard 37: Thayer-Martin Media contains _____ to kill fungi

Answer: Nystatin

Flashcard 38: Which stain (other than Gram) is used to visualize Nocardia spp.?_____

Answer: Acid Fast

Flashcard 39: Gram Negative Algorithm:Bacilli who are not lactose fermenters and are Oxidase Negative, H2S production on TSI agar _____ - Shigella, Yersinia

Answer: negative

Flashcard 40: Gram Positive Algorithm:Staphylococcus Coagulase Negative Novobiocin _____ - Staphylococcus epidermidis

Answer: Sensitive

Flashcard 41: _____ is used to isolate Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as it contains cholesterol necessary for growth

Answer: Eaton agar

Flashcard 42: Gram Negative Algorithm:Bacilli who are not lactose fermenters and are Oxidase _____ are further split based on H2S production on TSI agar

Answer: Negative

Flashcard 43: _____ can be used to test CSF whereas RPR cannot be used. (VDRL/RPR)

Answer: VDRL

Flashcard 44: The acid-fast stain is also known as _____ stain and contains carbolfuchsin

Answer: Ziehl-Neelsen

Flashcard 45: Lowenstein Jensen is a commonly used, _____-based, selective media which contains malachite green, which prevents growth of other organisms.

Answer: egg

Flashcard 46: Gram Positive Algorithm:Streptococcus alpha-hemolysis Optochin _____ - Streptococcus viridans (mutans and mitis)

Answer: resistant

Flashcard 47: Elevated titers of _____ or anti-DNase B antibodies are indicative of recent Group A strep (S. pyogenes) infection

Answer: Anti-streptolysin O (ASO)

Flashcard 48: The _____ test detects IgM heterophile antibodies that cross-react with horse or sheep RBCs

Answer: monospot

Flashcard 49: Chocolate agar with _____ is the suitable culture medium of Haemophilus ducreyi.

Answer: isovitaleX

Flashcard 50: Thayer-Martin Media contains _____ to kill gram positive organisms

Answer: vancomycin

Flashcard 51: _____zone phenomenon has excessive antigen in the test system, leading to weak or even absent precipitation.

Answer: Post

Flashcard 52: Clostridium difficile is diagnosed via assay to detect _____ in stool or via PCR

Answer: toxins (A & B)

Flashcard 53: The Quantiferon Gold assay measures _____ levels released from T-cells exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer: IFN-gamma

Flashcard 54: Gram Positive Algorithm:Staphylococcus Coagulase _____ is further broken into Novobiocin sensitivity (resistant or sensitive)

Answer: Negative

Flashcard 55: Gram Negative Algorithm:Bacilli who are slow lactose fermenters include _____, Serratia

Answer: Citrobacter

Flashcard 56: The _____ is an agglutination test used to diagnose rickettsial infection

Answer: Weil-Felix test

Flashcard 57: Diagnosis of _____ occurs via microscopy of stool samples,with visualization of acid-fast oocysts.

Answer: Cryptosporidium

Flashcard 58: _____ spp. is commonly diagnosed via NAAT nucleic-acid amplification test

Answer: Chlamydia

Flashcard 59: _____ Agar will have lactose fermenting colonies (ie: E. coli) appear as a green metallic sheen

Answer: Eosin-Methylene Blue

Flashcard 60: _____ Agar is a selective media for gram negative bacteria which contains bile salts to inhibit growth of gram positives

Answer: MacConkey's

Flashcard 61: Contents of MacConkey agar: PLANTP _____L LactoseA AgarN Neutral redT Sodium Taurocholate

Answer: Peptone

Flashcard 62: The Ziehl-Neelsen stain is used to stain the bacteria _____ and Nocardia, as well as the protozoa Cryptosporidium (its oocysts)

Answer: mycobacterium (ie: TB, leprosy)

Flashcard 63: Thayer-Martin Media contains _____ and Colistin (polymixin) to kill gram negative* organisms

Answer: Trimethoprim

Flashcard 64: _____ reaction is an example of a neutralisation test.

Answer: Naglers

Flashcard 65: _____ stain is used to stain the fungi Pneumocystis pneumonia and Coccidioides (coccidioidomycosis), as well as the bacteria Legionella and H. pylori

Answer: Silver (methenamine)

Flashcard 66: _____ Agar has a similar function to that of MacConkey agar, as it also inhibits gram positive bacteria growth

Answer: Eosin-Methylene Blue

Flashcard 67: _____ Agar is used to identify Legionella

Answer: Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE)

Flashcard 68: Diagnosis of Adenovirus is made via _____ or cell culture

Answer: serology

Flashcard 69: The most sensitive investigation for herpes simplex encephalitis is _____ demonstration in CSF by PCR.

Answer: HSV DNA

Flashcard 70: _____ and RPR are the typical screening tests used for diagnosing Secondary Treponema pallidum

Answer: VDRL

Flashcard 71: Gram Positive Algorithm:Staphylococcus Coagulase Negative Novobiocin _____ - Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Answer: Resistant

Flashcard 72: _____ Agar contains NAD+ (factor V) and hematin (factor X) which are release when the RBCs are lysed

Answer: Chocolate

Flashcard 73: The CAMP test will show a increasing zone of _____ when Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) or Listeria monocytogenesis plated with Staphylococcus aureus

Answer: hemolysis

Flashcard 74: Gram Negative Algorithm:Bacilli who are slow lactose fermenters include _____, Serratia

Answer: Citrobacter

Flashcard 75: Gram Positive Algorithm:Streptococcus _____-hemolysis is further broken down via Bacitracin sensitivity (resistant/sensitive)

Answer: beta

Flashcard 76: RPR for syphilis is based on _____ antigen

Answer: cardiolipin

Flashcard 77: Acanthamoeba is cultured in a non-nutrient agar with _____ overlay

Answer: E. coli

Flashcard 78: Which enterobacteriaceae species gives the following IMViC test: -+-+_____

Answer: Salmonella

Flashcard 79: What are the Quantitative tests for diagnosing UTI?_____

Answer: Standardized loop technique and Pour plate method

Flashcard 80: Wassermann reaction is an example of a _____ test

Answer: complement fixation

Flashcard 81: Laboratories performing diagnostic tests should handle potential SARS-CoV specimens using standard biosafety level-_____

Answer: 2

Flashcard 82: The most appropriate culture medium for Chlamydia is _____

Answer: McCoy cell

Flashcard 83: _____ test is used for diagnosis of Leptospirosis.

Answer: Microscopic agglutination

Flashcard 84: _____ fluorescence on MUG test indicates a positive test for E. coli

Answer: Electric blue

Flashcard 85: Klebsiella granulomatis can be grown on egg yolk medium and on modified _____ agar

Answer: Levinthal's

Flashcard 86: Most sensitive method for diagnosis of Kala azar is _____

Answer: Splenic aspirate

Flashcard 87: If the second sputum sample for CB NAAT is Rif indeterminate/inconclusive, next step is:_____

Answer: do Line probe assay or liquid culture

Flashcard 88: What is the selective media for Salmonella?_____

Answer: Wilson and blair bismuth sulphite medium

Flashcard 89: What is the selective media for Shigella?_____

Answer: DCA, XLD and SSA (3)

Flashcard 90: What is the selective media for Clostridium?_____

Answer: CCFA

Flashcard 91: _____ media is the culture medium used for leptospira

Answer: EMJH

Flashcard 92: What is the selective media for S. pyogenes?_____

Answer: Crystal violet blood agar

Flashcard 93: Will PCR be positive or negative in chronic filariasis?_____

Answer: Negative

Flashcard 94: _____ medium is a liquid media that allow certain organisms (pathogens) to grow and inhibit others (normal flora).

Answer: Enrichment

Flashcard 95: Which rickettsial infections give positive Weil-Felix test with OX K agglutinins (Proteus mirabilis)?_____

Answer: Scrub typhus

Flashcard 96: Which rickettsial infections give positive Weil-Felix test with OX 19 and OX 2 agglutinins?_____

Answer: Epidemic typhus, Endemic typhus and RMSF

Flashcard 97: Milk ring test is an agglutination test done to demonstrate antibodies to _____ antigen in milk

Answer: Brucella

Flashcard 98: Neil-Mooser reaction is positive for _____ typhus

Answer: Endemic murine

Flashcard 99: _____ can be used for the rapid identification of Candida species.

Answer: CHROMagar

Flashcard 100: Which 2 antigens can be detected in Malaria by immunochromatographic tests?_____

Answer: pLDH and HRP2

Flashcard 101: _____ test is an animal pathogenicity test employed for laboratory diagnosis of enteroinvasive E. coli and Shigella

Answer: Sereny

Flashcard 102: What is the selective media for Pseudomonas?_____

Answer: Cetrimide agar

Flashcard 103: Urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assay is used for the diagnosis of _____

Answer: tuberculosis.

Flashcard 104: What is the selective media for Campylobacter?_____

Answer: Skirrow's, Butzler's and Campy BAP media (3)

Flashcard 105: What is the first test to be positive in a T. pallidum infection?_____

Answer: FTA-ABS

Flashcard 106: What is the selective media for B. cerus?_____

Answer: MYPA medium

Flashcard 107: Which tests can be used to detect reinfection with syphilis?_____

Answer: non-treponemal (non-treponemal/treponemal)

Flashcard 108: Antigen detection in filariasis has a _____ sensitivity and specificity

Answer: high

Flashcard 109: Which tests are qualitative tests of early syphilis?_____

Answer: treponemal (non-treponemal/treponemal)

Flashcard 110: _____ medium is the transport media used for Shigella and Salmonella.

Answer: Cary Blair

Flashcard 111: _____ assay is used for the diagnosis of invasive (deep-seated) mycoses, pulmonary or disseminated forms, caused by Aspergillus spp.

Answer: Galactomannan

Flashcard 112: Which part of embryonated egg is used for Isolation of chlamydia and rickettsia?_____

Answer: Yolk sac

Flashcard 113: _____ medium is the transport media used for Neisseria.

Answer: Stuarts

Flashcard 114: CLED medium is used for the growth of _____ spp. and can prevent swarming

Answer: Proteus

Flashcard 115: What is the test of choice for screening T. pallidum infection?_____

Answer: RPR

Flashcard 116: What is the selective media for Brucella?_____

Answer: Castenada's biphasic medium

Flashcard 117: Estimation of antibody _____ using ELISA in leprosy can be useful as a tool for early diagnosis

Answer: anti phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1)

Flashcard 118: Which agar is a better alternative to TCBS for isolation of Vibrio vulnificus?_____

Answer: VV agar

Flashcard 119: _____ agar is the selective isolation media for culture of Listeria spp.

Answer: PALCAM

Flashcard 120: Investigation of choice for neurosyphilis is _____.

Answer: VDRL

Flashcard 121: Extensively drug-resistant(XDR)-TB is a biosafety level-_____ infection.

Answer: 3

Flashcard 122: What is the selective media for B. pseudomallei?_____

Answer: Ashdown medium

Flashcard 123: Investigation of choice of diphtheria carrier is _____.

Answer: throat swab culture

Flashcard 124: Ig_____ has better sensitivity than IgM for detection of congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer: A

Flashcard 125: What is the selective media for B. anthracis?_____

Answer: PLET medium

Flashcard 126: RPR and VDRL tests for syphilis are _____treponemal

Answer: non- (-/non)

Flashcard 127: Serological _____ test can be used to differentiate between heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxin producing ETEC

Answer: Eiken's (precipitin)

Flashcard 128: _____ is the most specific or the confirmatory test for HIV.

Answer: Western blot

Flashcard 129: Which enterobacteriaceae species gives the following IMViC test: ++--_____

Answer: Escherichia

Flashcard 130: Which test has the highest sensitivity and specificity for giardiasis?_____

Answer: ELISA

Flashcard 131: TB test done on a whole blood sample is the _____

Answer: interferon-gamma release assay

Flashcard 132: Vibrio _____ produce green colored colonies on TCBS agar

Answer: parahemolyticus

Flashcard 133: Can NAAT be used to differentiate between LGV and non-LGV subtypes of Chlamydia?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 134: What type of culture is used for bacteriophage typing and antibiotic sensitivity testing?_____

Answer: Lawn culture

Flashcard 135: What is the best investigation for diagnosing Coxiella burnetti?

Answer: Indirect immunofluoresence

Flashcard 136: Infection with  Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is confirmed by _____

Answer: blood culture

Flashcard 137: Most likely organism giving positive Milk ring test is _____

Answer: Brucella

Flashcard 138: Ascoli's thermoprecipitin test is an example of a _____ precipitation test.

Answer: ring

Flashcard 139: ASO(Anti-streptolysin O) is measured by the _____ agglutination test.

Answer: latex

Flashcard 140: Enteroaggregative E coli (EAEC) show _____ on HEp-2 cell line

Answer: stacked brick formation::Appearence

Flashcard 141: In Reverse CAMP test, Group B streptococci plated with _____ causes synergistic hemolysis

Answer: Clostridium perfringes

Flashcard 142: In _____ test, Group B Streptococci cause synergistic hemolysis when plated with Staph aureus

Answer: CAMP