General Medicine — Flashcards

Flashcard 601: Women who have known _____ gene mutations or a first degree relative with such mutations should undergo annual MRI screening for breast cancer (high lifetime risk 20-25%)

Answer: BRCA1/BRCA2

Flashcard 602: Herpetic iridocyclitis is a feature of _____ herpes simplex

Answer: secondary (primary/secondary)

Flashcard 603: Status epilepticus is defined as continuous seizure activity or recurrent seizure activity without regaining of consciousness lasting for more than _____ min

Answer: 5

Flashcard 604: Third ventricle tumors cause _____ nystagmus.

Answer: see-saw

Flashcard 605: In _____, proptosis is initially unilateral but soon becomes bilateral, usually presenting along with high-grade fever with chills, rigor, and headache.

Answer: cavernous sinus thrombosis

Flashcard 606: Gallbladder polyps are mostly asymptomatic, but symptomatic cases may present with biliary colic and _____

Answer: cholecystitis

Flashcard 607: Ludwig's angina is usually _____lateral

Answer: bi

Flashcard 608: _____ test is useful in differentiating between the organic and functional cause of the limb weakness.

Answer: Hoover's

Flashcard 609: Copper wiring of blood vessels is seen in Grade _____ hypertensive retinopathy

Answer: II

Extra: ### Grading of Hypertensive Retinopathy (Keith-Wagener-Barker) - **Grade I:** Mild generalized arteriolar narrowing. - **Grade II:** Severe generalized narrowing, focal constriction, and **AV nicking** (Salus sign). - **Grade III:** Grade II + Flame-shaped hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, and hard exudates. - **Grade IV:** Grade III + **Papilledema**. ### Arteriosclerotic Changes (Scheie Classification) - **Grade 1:** Broadening of the arteriolar light reflex. - **Grade 2:** **Copper wiring** of arterioles. - **Grade 3:** **Silver wiring** of arterioles. - **Grade 4:** Arteriolar sheathing.

Flashcard 610: Which neurotropic virus can lead to aqueductal stenosis?_____

Answer: Mumps