Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Considerations in Investment Analysis CFA Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Considerations in Investment Analysis with Oncourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Considerations in Investment Analysis Flashcard Deck - 4 Cards
Flashcard 11: Concentrated ownership & dispersed voting power - conflicts
Answer: - presence of voting caps (voting rights of large share positions are restricted)
- typically sovereign countries use to restrict foreign investors from taking control
Flashcard 12: Influential shareholders
Answer: - banks: control through lending activities
- families: individuals sit on multiple boards
- state-owned enterprises
- institutional investors
- group companies (cross-holding of shares via vertical/horizontal ownership
- private equity firms
- foreign investors
- managers & board of directors
Flashcard 13: Board of Directors structures
Answer: - Single-tier: most comon, consists of executive directors and external (non-executive) directors
- Two-tier: management board overseen by a supervisory board (supervisory determines compensation, external auditors & reviews financials)
Flashcard 14: Types of corporate ownership structures
Answer: - concentrated (single or multiple shareholders): most common
- dispersed: numerous shareholders but none have control
- hybrid
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